Paper and Board Have Key Roles in the Future of Packaging

Paper and paperboard will continue to play a vital role in the evolving global packaging market, according to the latest exclusive research from Smithers Pira.

Overall growth in dollar value terms for packaging was depressed for the years spanning the middle of the decade, although this is largely attributable to relative strength of the dollar against other currencies across that period. Still, in 2017, value reached US$851.1 billion, a 2.8 percent growth compared to 2016 at constant prices. This steady expansion is forecast to continue across the next five years—rising slightly to 2.9 percent year-on-year across this period—to reach US$980.4 billion in 2017.

REGIONAL PERSPECTIVES
The continuing trend toward large-scale mergers and acquisitions—for example, the creation of WestRock from MeadWestvaco and RockTenn—is testament to the relative maturity of the packaging industry in developed world regions like North America and Western Europe. The analysis in the new Smithers Pira report, The Future of Global Packaging to 2022, indicates that emerging and developing economies will contribute just over 70 percent of world packaging consumption growth during 2017–2022.

Asia is the largest market (see Fig. 1) and is forecast to grow packaging consumption at the fastest rate, led by China and India. This is largely attributable to growing populations, rising disposable incomes, and a transition from traditional markets to the purchasing of packaged consumer goods, especially in the food segment. China alone is forecast to represent almost 48 percent of world packaging consumption growth through to 2022, with India accounting for a further 8.5 percent.

Across this time India will be the fastest expanding national market; it is expected to show a growth rate of 5.8 percent, overtaking Germany as the fourth largest country in the world for packaging consumption, by value.

MATERIAL SEGMENTS
Board and paperboard (corrugated, folding carton stock, and liquid paperboard) is the largest packaging material type covered in the Smithers study (see Fig. 2.) Flexible packaging is forecast to grow consumption at the fastest rate through to 2022, driven by advantages in lightweight; demand for smaller, more convenient packaging; and improvements in design. Growth will be strongest for flexible plastics, which are already two thirds of the market, but flexible papers will perform only slightly less well across the five year forecast, with aluminium seeing the smallest boost, as pricing and improvements in competing barrier materials squeeze its share.

Food markets dominate flexible packaging consumption accounting for three-quarters of global consumption in 2016. Meat, fish, and poultry; confectionery; dried food; and savory snacks are the largest food markets for flexible packaging. Pharmaceuticals, medical, cosmetics, and toiletries are the largest non-food markets for flexible packaging.

FLEXIBLE PAPERS
While flexible paper packaging has been under threat from flexible plastics in some applications, it will remain an important constituent of the flexible packaging market for the foreseeable future. This is due to a combination of factors: its low cost, its perceived good environmental credentials, its use in laminations (often as a light barrier), and because consumers enjoy the tactile effect. A number of plastic films have been modified to mimic the feel and look of paper, while offering the benefits of moisture barriers inherent with plastic films. Matte finish BOPP is an example of such a film.

Papers continue to dominate some packaging applications, such as flour, sugar, and some soft cheeses. Papers are still used widely in medical packaging, fast food wrap, and metallized paper cigarette bundle wrap, as well as less formal developing world retail sectors. Dried food, processed meals, and savory snack markets present growth opportunities for extrusion-coated papers, along with speciality medical packaging papers.

CORRUGATED BOARD
Growing environmental concern is benefitting the corrugated board market due to the environmental benefits of cellulose-based packaging. However, lightweighting of board constructions is hampering volume growth slightly, although the impact on value is less pronounced.

Corrugated packaging companies are putting increased emphasis on shelf-ready packaging that significantly reduces the workload for unpacking and displaying products. This trend is now deepening with the rise of discount retailers— such as Aldi and Lidl in Europe—and convenience store selling, which are more likely to use less labor-intensive shelving options and have fewer of their own branding priorities. This presents an opportunity for the brand to determine how their product is presented in store and gives an opportunity for them to invest in printed graphics for on-shelf differentiation.

This trend dovetails neatly with the wider availability of inkjet printers for corrugated board, giving brands greatly expanded options for versioned packaging, including bespoke designs of corrugated formats for short run promotions. Flatbed inkjet systems have been available for corrugated for several years, but productivity and cost have limited these; across 2017-2022 this situation will change as a new generation of high productivity inkjet presses—like the HP T1100S—especially designed for volume corrugated print are already seeing their first commercial installations.

E-COMMERCE
The unspectacular, if steady, rise in demand for packaging in retail outlets contrasts with that in the e-commerce segment. The value of packaging demand into this sales channel was US$28 billion in 2017, and will more than double by 2023.

Over 75 percent of this is for corrugated formats, causing a surge in demand for fanfold for fit-to-packing applications, new designs for returnability, and lighter weight flutings that minimize the size of postal shipments.

From a packaging designer’s perspective, packaging is taking on an increasingly important role as the primary touch point for brand identity. This is generating interest in new designs that create an opening or “unboxing” experience. Pack printing is also a key medium in this new arena, with many e-commerce retailers and brands investing in high-quality graphics on the exterior and especially the interior of the package, for decorative impact. This in turn is creating a spur for new linerboards that can carry improved imagery.

CARTONBOARD
In the future, folding cartons will face global competition from new, more streamlined pack formats, like resealable stand-up pouches, that do not require secondary cartons. Additional competition will come from upright flexible packaging, e.g., shrink film for multi-packs of beverages, and corrugated boxes. Future demand will also be affected by factors such as falling sales of tobacco and cigarettes, and an increase in offshore production of toys and sports products that are shipped pre-packed.

Folding carton demand is predicted to grow in four main end-use segments. More spending is expected on luxury items, while the on-the-go eating trend will drive demand for retail carryout cartons. A larger aging population and health enfranchisement worldwide will also increase demand for cartons in the pharmaceuticals category. Environmental factors and lightweighting is also expected to underpin faster-than-average growth in use of beverage cartons.

Folding cartons will also benefit from the digital print revolution. New dedicated inkjet platforms are joining toner-based systems in this segment, which has been targeted as the first by Landa Nanography with its B1-format S10 press now in beta testing in Israel.

LIQUID PACKAGING BOARD
Liquid packaging board consumption is likely to be maintained over the next five years. With 70 percent of this market used in dairy and 20 percent in fruit juices, it will benefit from the healthy eating trend in developed markets, combined with growing consumption patterns in the emerging markets.

There is a growing trend for liquid packaging board producers to use renewable resources to enhance their environmental credentials. Innovations like micro-fibrillated cellulose (MFC), being pioneered by Stora Enso, offer the prospect of a biodegradable barrier film capable of replacing aluminum foil in liquid cartons.

Carton manufacturers are also introducing new and innovative carton products. These include the Combidome carton bottle from SIG Combibloc and Elopak’s Pure-Pak Sense Aseptic carton.

Liquid carton producers are also responding to consumer demand for packaging suitable for on-the-go drinking. Tetra Pak launched two portion-size packages in April 2017 to meet growing demand for on-the-go beverages. The Tetra Prisma Aseptic 200 and 250 Edge with Dreamcap 26 build on the success of the Tetra Prisma Aseptic 300ml, which packages more than 340 brands. Tetra Pak forecasts that worldwide demand for portion packages under 250ml will grow to 72 billion litres by 2019, up 10 percent from 2016.

Full details of the global packaging demand in all world regions, including North America, can be found in the Smithers Pira report The Future of Global Packaging to 2022, now available for purchase. TAPPI members receive a 5 percent discount. Please enter your discount code TAPPI5 or contact Smithers Pira at: (+1) 330 762 7441 ext. 1134.